{"id":3991,"date":"2025-07-20T15:10:53","date_gmt":"2025-07-20T15:10:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/?p=3991"},"modified":"2025-07-20T15:19:34","modified_gmt":"2025-07-20T15:19:34","slug":"bitcoin-prix-zero-menace-mineurs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/news\/bitcoin-prix-zero-menace-mineurs\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitcoin devient (presque) gratuit : La fin d\u2019un mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique pour les mineurs ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-pm-slice=\"0 0 []\">Une transaction bitcoin \u00e0 0,1 sat\/vByte. Non, ce n\u2019est pas une coquille. Alors que le co\u00fbt minimum pour faire valider une transaction sur le r\u00e9seau Bitcoin \u00e9tait fix\u00e9 depuis longtemps \u00e0 <strong>1 satoshi par octet virtuel<\/strong>, il a r\u00e9cemment chut\u00e9 de 90 %. Si cela peut sembler une aubaine pour les utilisateurs, ce bouleversement soul\u00e8ve une question cruciale : que devient <strong>le mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique des mineurs<\/strong> quand les frais s\u2019\u00e9vaporent ?<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"un_effondrement_des_frais_symptome_ou_opportunite\">Un effondrement des frais : sympt\u00f4me ou opportunit\u00e9 ?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La baisse vertigineuse du co\u00fbt de transaction sur le r\u00e9seau Bitcoin n\u2019est pas le fruit d\u2019un progr\u00e8s technologique r\u00e9volutionnaire. Elle est plut\u00f4t <strong>le reflet d\u2019une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 moins reluisante<\/strong> : la faible activit\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9seau. Les blocs ne sont tout simplement plus remplis. <strong>Moins de demandes = moins de comp\u00e9tition = moins de <a href=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/news\/crypto-cardano-transaction-frais-3-7-millions\/\" rel=\"\">frais<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne a \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9 par <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/mempool\/status\/194508628252003171\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mempool<\/a>, l\u2019un des explorateurs de blockchain Bitcoin les plus respect\u00e9s. Il rapporte que <strong>la priorit\u00e9 moyenne des transactions est tomb\u00e9e \u00e0 0,1 sat\/vByte<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Une chute historique, in\u00e9dite depuis des ann\u00e9es. Ce tarif ridiculement bas rend <strong>l\u2019utilisation de Bitcoin<\/strong> plus accessible, mais en contrepartie, il met \u00e0 mal le m\u00e9canisme incitatif qui fait tourner la machine : <strong>les r\u00e9compenses aux mineurs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Il faut comprendre que les mineurs, ces acteurs essentiels de l\u2019infrastructure Bitcoin, ne se contentent pas d\u2019altruisme. Leur business repose sur deux piliers : <strong>la r\u00e9compense fixe en bitcoin<\/strong> par bloc (actuellement 3,125 BTC depuis le halving d\u2019avril 2024) et les frais de transaction.<\/p>\n<p>Lorsque ces derniers s\u2019effondrent, leur rentabilit\u00e9 vacille. Or, maintenir des fermes de minage actives co\u00fbte une fortune en mat\u00e9riel et en \u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"les_mineurs_sur_la_sellette_vers_une_crise_structurelle\">Les mineurs sur la sellette : vers une crise structurelle ?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>En apparence, la baisse des frais semble n\u2019\u00eatre qu\u2019un ajustement temporaire \u00e0 un passage \u00e0 vide. Mais le probl\u00e8me pourrait \u00eatre plus profond. En fait, ce n\u2019est pas seulement une baisse d\u2019activit\u00e9 qui est en cause, mais <strong>une remise en question du r\u00f4le du bitcoin dans l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me crypto<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">JACK DORSEY: Bitcoin fails by being irrelevant. <\/p>\n<p>It becomes irrelevant if it's only a store of value and not used for everyday payments. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/wmEO6sZWH1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pic.twitter.com\/wmEO6sZWH1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Bitcoin News (@BitcoinNewsCom) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BitcoinNewsCom\/status\/1907492285530390765?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">April 2, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Les utilisateurs quotidiens d\u00e9sertent le r\u00e9seau. L\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 les ordinals (les NFTs natifs du bitcoin) g\u00e9n\u00e9raient un engorgement des blocs et des frais \u00e9lev\u00e9s semble lointaine.<\/p>\n<p>De m\u00eame, les paiements en bitcoin\u00a0ne se sont jamais vraiment d\u00e9mocratis\u00e9s, contrairement \u00e0 ce qu\u2019esp\u00e9rait <a href=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/news\/pirater-bitcoins-satoshi-grok-musk-reagit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Satoshi Nakamoto<\/a> \u00e0 l\u2019origine. Bitcoin est devenu un \u00ab or num\u00e9rique \u00bb, une r\u00e9serve de valeur plus qu\u2019un moyen de paiement.<\/p>\n<p>Mais cette orientation a un co\u00fbt. Moins d\u2019utilisations pratiques signifie moins de transactions. Et sans transactions, pas de frais.<\/p>\n<p>Si la tendance se confirme, <strong>les mineurs devront de plus en plus se reposer uniquement sur la r\u00e9compense fixe<\/strong>, qui elle-m\u00eame diminue tous les quatre ans. Le cercle devient alors vicieux : moins de rentabilit\u00e9 = moins de mineurs = moins de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du r\u00e9seau.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"paiement_ou_reserve_de_valeur_le_debat_relance\">Paiement ou r\u00e9serve de valeur : le d\u00e9bat relanc\u00e9<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Cette nouvelle <a href=\"https:\/\/decrypt.co\/330474\/bitcoin-fee-rate-slashed-90-is-that-good-thing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chute des frais<\/a> ravive un d\u00e9bat aussi vieux que bitcoin lui-m\u00eame : est-il <strong>un outil de paiement ou un actif \u00e0 conserver ?<\/strong> Les deux visions s\u2019affrontent, et cette baisse des frais vient donner des arguments \u00e0 chaque camp.<\/p>\n<p>Les partisans du bitcoin comme moyen d\u2019\u00e9change y voient <strong>une opportunit\u00e9<\/strong> : avec des frais aussi bas, la promesse d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de paiement d\u00e9centralis\u00e9, rapide et bon march\u00e9 pourrait enfin devenir r\u00e9alit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>De quoi r\u00e9activer l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat des commer\u00e7ants et des plateformes qui l\u2019avaient mis de c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00e0 cause de ses co\u00fbts impr\u00e9visibles.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019inverse, les maximalistes du bitcoin comme r\u00e9serve de valeur s\u2019en inqui\u00e8tent. Car <strong>un r\u00e9seau utilis\u00e9 principalement pour stocker de la valeur est tributaire<\/strong> d\u2019un niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9, que seul un syst\u00e8me de minage rentable peut assurer. Si les mineurs d\u00e9sertent faute de revenus, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la cha\u00eene en p\u00e2tit, mettant en p\u00e9ril toute l\u2019\u00e9difice.<\/p>\n<p>Ce dilemme n\u2019est pas qu\u2019intellectuel. Il aura des cons\u00e9quences concr\u00e8tes sur les d\u00e9cisions futures concernant le protocole Bitcoin, notamment autour de l\u2019\u00e9volutivit\u00e9, des couches secondaires (comme le Lightning Network ou <a href=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/news\/choc-economique-mondial-relance-bitcoin\/\" rel=\"\">Bitcoin Hyper<\/a> ), ou encore des incitations pour les mineurs post-halving.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3969 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper.png\" alt=\"Bitcoin Hyper\" width=\"1908\" height=\"430\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper.png 1908w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper-300x68.png 300w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper-1024x231.png 1024w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper-768x173.png 768w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper-1536x346.png 1536w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/07\/Bitcoin-Hyper-1568x353.png 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1908px) 100vw, 1908px\"><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"vers_un_changement_de_paradigme\">Vers un changement de paradigme ?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Peut-on imaginer un bitcoin sans frais ? Ce sc\u00e9nario, autrefois inconcevable, semble aujourd\u2019hui plausible. Mais il poserait un s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8me de durabilit\u00e9. Car \u00e0 terme, <strong>la r\u00e9compense en bitcoin par bloc va tendre vers z\u00e9ro<\/strong>, selon le m\u00e9canisme pr\u00e9vu d\u00e8s la cr\u00e9ation du protocole.<\/p>\n<p>Et si, en parall\u00e8le, les frais restent au plancher, la question est simple : pourquoi continuer \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser le r\u00e9seau ?<\/p>\n<p>Certains \u00e9voquent d\u00e9j\u00e0 des solutions : incitations alternatives, \u00e9volutions protocolaires, ou introduction de mod\u00e8les hybrides m\u00ealant proof-of-stake et proof-of-work. Mais <strong>toutes ces options impliquent de profonds changements<\/strong> id\u00e9ologiques, que la communaut\u00e9 bitcoin, historiquement conservatrice, n\u2019acceptera pas facilement.<\/p>\n<p>En attendant, les utilisateurs profitent de frais d\u00e9risoires, les mineurs serrent les dents, et <strong>l\u2019avenir de l\u2019\u00e9conomie du minage se joue en silence<\/strong>, bloc apr\u00e8s bloc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une transaction bitcoin \u00e0 0,1 sat\/vByte. Non, ce n\u2019est pas une coquille. Alors que le co\u00fbt minimum pour faire&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":241,"featured_media":3977,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,7],"tags":[47,15,90],"class_list":["post-3991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitcoin","category-news","tag-accumulation-de-bitcoin","tag-bitcoin","tag-mineurs","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bitcoin \u00e0 prix z\u00e9ro : Menace sur les mineurs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les frais de transaction Bitcoin chutent de 90 %, mena\u00e7ant le mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique des mineurs. 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