{"id":1728,"date":"2025-06-11T14:12:56","date_gmt":"2025-06-11T14:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/?p=1728"},"modified":"2025-06-11T16:39:11","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T16:39:11","slug":"le-bug-de-lan-2030-quand-le-quantique-cassera-bitcoin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/news\/le-bug-de-lan-2030-quand-le-quantique-cassera-bitcoin\/","title":{"rendered":"Le bug de l\u2019an 2030 : quand le quantique cassera Bitcoin"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>On pensait l\u2019informatique quantique r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux labos, aux univers parall\u00e8les de la science-fiction. Pourtant, en 2025, la machine se met en marche, et <strong>Bitcoin commence \u00e0 sentir le vent tourner. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Derri\u00e8re les promesses de la blockchain, un constat : <em>SHA-256<\/em> et <em>ECDSA<\/em>, les gardiens actuels de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, ne tiendront pas \u00e9ternellement face aux qubits. <strong>Le compte \u00e0 rebours est lanc\u00e9.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"les_progres_fulgurants_de_la_quantique\">Les progr\u00e8s fulgurants de la quantique<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il y a peu, <strong>la Chine a d\u00e9voil\u00e9 son Zuchongzhi-3<\/strong>, un ordinateur quantique d\u00e9passant symboliquement les 100 qubits logiques. Pas mal pour un gadget, direz-vous ?<\/p>\n<p>Pas vraiment, surtout quand Microsoft montre une puce baptis\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0Majorana 1\u00a0\u00bb qui mise sur des qubits topologiques, plus stables. Ce n\u2019est pas encore l\u2019apocalypse, <strong>mais la menace se rapproche doucement.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1738 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/2030quantique1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/2030quantique1200.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/2030quantique1200-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/2030quantique1200-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/2030quantique1200-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/2030quantique1200-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"pourquoi_bitcoin_est_dans_le_viseur\">Pourquoi Bitcoin est dans le viseur ?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Bitcoin s\u2019appuie sur des algorithmes solides : SHA-256 pour le hachage, ECDSA pour les signatures. Avec un ordinateur classique, ces syst\u00e8mes sont presque indestructibles.<\/p>\n<p>Mais un ordinateur quantique puissant peut, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019algorithme de Shor, <strong>casser ces protections rapidement<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Concr\u00e8tement, cela signifie qu\u2019un pirate avec une machine quantique pourrait un jour voler les bitcoins des portefeuilles encore vuln\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">BlackRock Flags Risk, But Quantum Threats Are No Match for Bitcoin<\/p>\n<p>Last month, BlackRock quietly updated its Bitcoin ETF filing to include a new disclosure identifying quantum computing as a potential threat to Bitcoin\u2019s security. The world\u2019s largest asset manager now explicitly\u2026 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/xVztQydqoG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pic.twitter.com\/xVztQydqoG<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Strive (@StriveFunds) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/StriveFunds\/status\/1931082685885399158?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">June 6, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"la_strategie_harvest_now_decrypt_later\">La strat\u00e9gie \u201cHarvest now, decrypt later\u201d<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Loin d\u2019\u00eatre un sc\u00e9nario sorti d\u2019un film, certains acteurs malveillants collectent d\u00e9j\u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui des donn\u00e9es chiffr\u00e9es. Pourquoi ? Pour les d\u00e9chiffrer dans quelques ann\u00e9es, une fois que la puissance quantique sera suffisante.<\/p>\n<p>Ce n\u2019est pas de la parano\u00efa : <strong>la blockchain affiche des cl\u00e9s publiques visibles par tous<\/strong>. Elles sont <a href=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/news\/darkfi-nym-lemergence-web-crypto-anti-kyc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">une cible potentielle<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1742 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/harvest1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/harvest1200.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/harvest1200-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/harvest1200-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/harvest1200-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icobench.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/06\/harvest1200-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"bitcoin_et_ethereum_pas_encore_prets\">Bitcoin et Ethereum, pas encore pr\u00eats<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Le plus inqui\u00e9tant, c\u2019est que <strong>Bitcoin n\u2019a pas pr\u00e9vu de m\u00e9canisme<\/strong> pour migrer vers des protections post-quantiques.<\/p>\n<p>Ethereum est un peu plus flexible, mais pas de solution miracle non plus. Seul le <strong>Quantum Resistant Ledger (QRL) se distingue<\/strong>, mais il reste marginal.<\/p>\n<p>Le NIST a valid\u00e9 plusieurs algorithmes post-quantiques, comme <em>CRYSTALS-Dilithium<\/em> ou <em>Falcon <\/em>en 2024 et plus r\u00e9cemment <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/news-events\/news\/2025\/03\/nist-selects-hqc-fifth-algorithm-post-quantum-encryption\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cette ann\u00e9e <em>HQC<\/em><\/a>. Mais les d\u00e9ployer \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle dans des syst\u00e8mes d\u00e9centralis\u00e9s, c\u2019est un autre d\u00e9fi.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"qui_est_le_plus_expose\">Qui est le plus expos\u00e9 ?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les portefeuilles vieux de plusieurs ann\u00e9es sont les plus vuln\u00e9rables. Le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre d\u2019entre eux ? Celui attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 <strong>Satoshi Nakamoto, avec plus d\u2019un million de bitcoins, qui repose sur une cl\u00e9 publique ancienne.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ce n\u2019est pas un cas isol\u00e9 : des milliers d\u2019autres portefeuilles et smart contracts sont en jeu.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"des_solutions_existent_mais_ca_coince\">Des solutions existent, mais \u00e7a coince<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il est possible d\u2019int\u00e9grer des algorithmes hybrides ou de migrer progressivement vers des signatures post-quantiques. Les fabricants de wallets comme <em>Ledger<\/em> et <em>Trezor<\/em> commencent \u00e0 explorer ces pistes.<\/p>\n<p>Mais \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle d\u2019un r\u00e9seau comme Bitcoin, <strong>il faut un consensus global<\/strong>, des mises \u00e0 jour coordonn\u00e9es\u2026 pas simple dans un univers d\u00e9centralis\u00e9.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Introducing the Majorana 1, the world\u2019s first quantum processor powered by topological qubits. This breakthrough marks a significant step toward practical quantum computing. Learn more.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Microsoft (@Microsoft) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Microsoft\/status\/1892286018625089623?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">February 19, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"le_temps_presse\">Le temps presse<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La menace n\u2019est pas imm\u00e9diate, mais elle s\u2019approche vite. Ceux qui attendront les premi\u00e8res attaques seront d\u00e9j\u00e0 trop tard. <strong>Le passage au post-quantique est in\u00e9vitable<\/strong>, il faut juste esp\u00e9rer que la communaut\u00e9 sera pr\u00eate.<\/p>\n<p>En bref :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u2019informatique quantique progresse rapidement.<\/li>\n<li>Les algorithmes actuels de Bitcoin sont menac\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<li>Des millions de portefeuilles sont vuln\u00e9rables d\u00e8s aujourd\u2019hui.<\/li>\n<li>La transition vers le post-quantique est urgente, mais reste \u00e0 faire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<p>Sources : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fool.com\/investing\/2025\/06\/11\/the-quantum-computing-threat-to-bitcoin-is-real-an\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fool<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/councils\/forbesbusinessdevelopmentcouncil\/2025\/04\/04\/quantum-computing-a-new-threat-to-bitcoin-and-crypto-security\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Forbes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sectigo.com\/resource-library\/harvest-now-decrypt-later-quantum-threat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sectigo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On pensait l\u2019informatique quantique r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux labos, aux univers parall\u00e8les de la science-fiction. Pourtant, en 2025, la machine se&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":224,"featured_media":1746,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,7],"tags":[10],"class_list":["post-1728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitcoin","category-news","tag-new","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le bug de l\u2019an 2030 : quand le quantique cassera Bitcoin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019informatique quantique menace la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de Bitcoin. Peut-on craindre un bug majeur d\u2019ici 2030 ? 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