{"id":3146,"date":"2025-08-25T06:53:47","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T06:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icobench.com\/es\/?p=3146"},"modified":"2025-08-25T06:53:47","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T06:53:47","slug":"puede-bitcoin-sufrir-un-ataque-del-51","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icobench.com\/es\/news\/puede-bitcoin-sufrir-un-ataque-del-51\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfPuede Bitcoin sufrir un ataque del 51\u202f%?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"193\" data-end=\"436\">Los temores en torno a posibles ataques del 51\u202f% en blockchains con prueba de trabajo (PoW) vuelven a escena, y esta vez con una inquietante pregunta: \u00bfes posible que incluso Bitcoin, la red m\u00e1s robusta del ecosistema cripto, se vea amenazada?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"438\" data-end=\"832\">La alarma surge tras la reciente actividad de Qubic, un proyecto que ha lanzado ataques dirigidos contra otras cadenas, y por un dato que no ha pasado desapercibido: dos de los mayores pools de miner\u00eda de Bitcoin se est\u00e1n acercando peligrosamente al umbral cr\u00edtico del 50\u202f% de la tasa de hash (hashrate), lo que ha reabierto el debate sobre la centralizaci\u00f3n y los riesgos sist\u00e9micos en la red.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"834\" data-end=\"865\"><span id=\"que_es_un_ataque_del_51\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un ataque del 51\u202f%?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"867\" data-end=\"1222\">En las redes PoW como Bitcoin, los mineros compiten por validar bloques aportando potencia computacional. Si un solo actor \u2014o una coalici\u00f3n\u2014 logra controlar el 51\u202f% o m\u00e1s del hashrate, podr\u00eda, en teor\u00eda, reescribir el historial de transacciones, realizar gastos dobles o incluso bloquear nuevas operaciones, poniendo en entredicho la integridad de la red.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">1\/ Two Bitcoin pools now control more than 51% of the network hashrate!\ud83d\udea8<\/p>\n<p>That crosses a decentralization red line. A 51% attack becomes technically possible<\/p>\n<p>Why this matters and why Ethereum these days looks more decentralized and sustainable than BTC. \ud83e\uddf5 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/sAERij4Rnz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pic.twitter.com\/sAERij4Rnz<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Leon Waidmann \ud83d\udd25 (@LeonWaidmann) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LeonWaidmann\/status\/1958388819629351092?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">August 21, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1534\">Durante a\u00f1os, estos escenarios se consideraron poco m\u00e1s que una teor\u00eda, debido al coste prohibitivo de alcanzar tal control. Sin embargo, el auge de servicios de alquiler de hashrate ha cambiado el panorama: ahora es t\u00e9cnicamente viable adquirir temporalmente el poder necesario para atacar redes m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1536\" data-end=\"1570\"><span id=\"de_la_teoria_a_los_precedentes\">De la teor\u00eda a los precedentes<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1668\">Aunque Bitcoin nunca ha sido v\u00edctima de un ataque del 51\u202f%, otras blockchains s\u00ed lo han sufrido:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1721\"><strong data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1689\">Expanse (EXP)<\/strong> fue atacada en julio de 2019.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1784\"><strong data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1747\">Litecoin Cash (LCC)<\/strong> sufri\u00f3 seis ataques ese mismo mes.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1787\" data-end=\"1841\"><strong data-start=\"1787\" data-end=\"1805\">Vertcoin (VTC)<\/strong> fue atacada en diciembre de 2019.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1844\" data-end=\"1906\"><strong data-start=\"1844\" data-end=\"1866\">Bitcoin Gold (BTG)<\/strong> padeci\u00f3 dos ataques en enero de 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"2045\">Estas vulnerabilidades no son nuevas, pero s\u00ed cada vez m\u00e1s frecuentes, especialmente en proyectos con menos poder de c\u00f3mputo y seguridad.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2047\" data-end=\"2088\"><span id=\"bitcoin_fuerte_pero_no_invulnerable\">Bitcoin: fuerte, pero no invulnerable<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2090\" data-end=\"2330\">Actualmente, dos pools concentran casi la mitad del hashrate de la red: <strong data-start=\"2162\" data-end=\"2177\">Foundry USA<\/strong> con el 32,3\u202f% y <strong data-start=\"2194\" data-end=\"2205\">AntPool<\/strong> con el 17,2\u202f%. Juntas, acumulan un 49,5\u202f%, rozando el umbral que podr\u00eda, en teor\u00eda, permitir acciones coordinadas de ataque.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2332\" data-end=\"2662\">En 2014, una situaci\u00f3n similar gener\u00f3 alarma cuando <strong data-start=\"2384\" data-end=\"2396\">GHash.io<\/strong> alcanz\u00f3 moment\u00e1neamente el 51\u202f% del hashrate, aunque redujo voluntariamente su participaci\u00f3n tras la presi\u00f3n de la comunidad. Ese episodio sigue siendo un recordatorio de los peligros de la centralizaci\u00f3n en sistemas que, por dise\u00f1o, aspiran a ser descentralizados.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2664\" data-end=\"3021\">Aunque la posibilidad de un ataque concertado entre pools privados se considera improbable, algunos expertos advierten que <strong data-start=\"2787\" data-end=\"2808\">actores estatales<\/strong> \u2014con mayores recursos y otras motivaciones\u2014 podr\u00edan intentarlo. Aun as\u00ed, el incentivo econ\u00f3mico para atacar Bitcoin sigue siendo escaso, ya que los costes de ejecuci\u00f3n superan ampliamente los posibles beneficios.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3066\"><span id=\"conclusion_mas_teoria_que_amenaza_real\">Conclusi\u00f3n: m\u00e1s teor\u00eda que amenaza real<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3068\" data-end=\"3308\">En t\u00e9rminos pr\u00e1cticos, Bitcoin sigue siendo extraordinariamente resistente. La dificultad t\u00e9cnica, los costes operativos y la falta de incentivos hacen que un ataque del 51\u202f% no solo sea improbable, sino tambi\u00e9n econ\u00f3micamente insostenible.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">JUST IN: \ud83d\udea8 <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Bitcoin?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#Bitcoin<\/a> is now at risk of a 51% attack because two mining pools (Foundry USA and Antpool) control over 51% of the hash power.<\/p>\n<p>Bitcoin today: 2 pools (Foundry + Antpool) &gt;51% \u2192 de facto centralization.<\/p>\n<p>Kaspa today: 85% unknown miners (individual)\u2192 de facto\u2026 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/BoptfOkGUy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pic.twitter.com\/BoptfOkGUy<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 \ud835\udc02\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc32\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc28 \ud835\udc0f\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc32\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc1e (@Crypt0Proselyte) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Crypt0Proselyte\/status\/1958039283081634188?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">August 20, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3310\" data-end=\"3632\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Como concluy\u00f3 el propio <strong data-start=\"3334\" data-end=\"3354\">Satoshi Nakamoto<\/strong>, la seguridad de la red se basa en que actuar en su contra es menos rentable que participar en su mantenimiento. Y por ahora, esa l\u00f3gica sigue vigente. A pesar de las advertencias, lo m\u00e1s probable es que el riesgo siga siendo m\u00e1s un ejercicio te\u00f3rico que una amenaza inminente.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center\"><\/p><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/icobench.com\/es\/visit\/btchyper\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#FF4040;border-color:#cc3434;border-radius:10px\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:0px 26px;font-size:20px;line-height:40px;border-color:#ff7a7a;border-radius:10px;text-shadow:none\"> Descubre Bitcoin Hyper<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los temores en torno a posibles ataques del 51\u202f% en blockchains con prueba de trabajo (PoW) vuelven a escena,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":257,"featured_media":3147,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfPuede Bitcoin sufrir un ataque del 51\u202f%?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dos pools de miner\u00eda rozan la mitad del poder de c\u00f3mputo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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